{"id":38206,"date":"2019-02-28T11:05:05","date_gmt":"2019-02-28T10:05:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/libmod.de\/?p=38206"},"modified":"2020-12-09T17:23:06","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T16:23:06","slug":"combining-ecology-and-freedom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/combining-ecology-and-freedom\/","title":{"rendered":"Combining ecology and freedom"},"content":{"rendered":"
Foto: Shutter\u00adstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fly less! Eat less meat! In the struggle against climate change, there is one thing in particular we should do: moderate our lifestyles. Individual respon\u00adsi\u00adbility definitely matters. Will renun\u00adci\u00adation and prohi\u00adbi\u00adtions save the world, though? No, argues Ralf F\u00fccks: we need a green indus\u00adtrial revolution. If we pit the ecology and freedom against one another, we will end up losing both.<\/h3>\n

The efforts to address climate change have entered a new stage. Phasing out the use of coal, \u201cauto-mobility\u201d, pesti\u00adcides in agriculture, indus\u00adtrial meat production: there are big issues with big conse\u00adquences on the table now. The more obvious the threat to the ecological founda\u00adtions of our existence becomes, the louder grow the voices calling on us to change the way we live. The propo\u00adnents of a new contrac\u00adtionary lifestyle see climate change as the conse\u00adquence of the expansive way of life of a billion human beings, who have been enjoying all the blessings of modernity with no thought for the conse\u00adquences. The joys of driving, air travel, a big home, energy-ineffi\u00adcient online commu\u00adni\u00adcation and eating a lot of meat: the list of ecological sins is a long one. By always striving for more, we are ravaging our planet. Hence, the new categorical imper\u00adative: \u201cRepent ye, and turn yourselves!\u201d<\/p>\n

The extro\u00adverted self-reali\u00adsation of modernity is based, even today, on the seemingly unlimited avail\u00adability of fossil energies<\/a>. These fuelled a huge increase in production and consumption. Now that it has become apparent that the burning of coal, oil and gas is knocking the earth\u2019s climate out of whack, modernity\u2019s hedonism is coming under criticism as well. Freedom enjoyed at the expense of the rest of humanity is sheer egoism. It destroys the freedom of future gener\u00ada\u00adtions to live in an environment that is at least somewhat intact. Rather than constantly pushing the bound\u00adaries of the possible, we should be adapting our opera\u00adtions to fit within planetary bound\u00adaries, the limits of what the earth can safely support. The age of \u201chigher, faster, further\u201d is over. The new ethics of limitation demand that we slow down, live frugally. Focus on being, rather than having.<\/p>\n

When appeals for restraint fall on deaf ears, collective imper\u00ada\u00adtives and prohi\u00adbi\u00adtions must take up the slack. They restrict the liberty of the individual in order to protect the lives of everyone. The imper\u00adative of restriction appears morally unassailable. It is nonetheless the wrong response to climate change and species extinction. Ecolog\u00adi\u00adcally, it falls short of the mark; socially, it gives rise to a high degree of polar\u00adi\u00adsation; polit\u00adi\u00adcally, it leads to the skewed playing field of author\u00adi\u00adtar\u00adi\u00adanism in the name of saving the world.<\/p>\n

The future: \u201ca kind of ecological Calvinism\u201d<\/h2>\n

In 2016, prescient philosopher Peter Sloterdijk described the upcoming cultural battle: \u201c... the ethics of the future, hostile to expression and emission, aims precisely at the reversal of civilization\u2019s direction to this point. It (\u2026) demands minimization where maximization used to hold sway... it prescribes thrift where profligacy was once considered to be partic\u00adu\u00adlarly appealing, and it calls for self-circum\u00adspection where self-liber\u00adation was until now celebrated. If we think these reversals through to their end, then over the course of the meteo\u00adro\u00adlogical refor\u00admation we arrive at a kind of ecological Calvinism.\u201d<\/p>\n

The bitterness of the battles over speed limits and driving bans provide a foretaste of the culture war brewing between those who believe in a morally charged policy of restriction and those who see such a policy as an attack on their way of life. The former invoke protection of the climate and public health as a compelling imper\u00adative; the latter see a conspiracy of anti-car dreamy greenies, clueless about real life. There is a distinct social skew to this conflict, as it is primarily the privi\u00adleged children of the affluent society who are promoting the \u201cless is better\u201d philosophy. Green-haters and defenders of the status quo rub their hands with delight when advocates of driving bans are revealed to be card-carrying members of the frequent-flyer class. The morality of the climate issue bites the hand that lionizes it.<\/p>\n

Propo\u00adnents of a restrictive environ\u00admental policy are fond pithy phrases like \u201cYou cannot negotiate with the climate.\u201d They invoke objective ecological neces\u00adsities that transcend politics. Thus, the roadmap for phasing out the use of coal is not the outcome of a process of negoti\u00adation among diverging ecological, economic and regional interests but the product of osten\u00adsibly precise spread\u00adsheets showing the annual reduc\u00adtions in the German energy sector\u2019s CO2 emissions required to keep global warming below two degrees. Osten\u00adsibly precise, because an analysis restricted to individual sectors is as divorced from reality as one that considers only a single country. Yet climate protection would benefit more from a sustainable consensus on phasing out coal than it will from a highly contro\u00adversial plan involving substantial economic and social risks imposed from on high.<\/p>\n

Is democracy a luxury?<\/h2>\n

The critique of the slow pace of democ\u00adracies, with their endless compro\u00admising, has a long tradition. There is a reason that prominent environ\u00admen\u00adtalists like the Norwegian J\u00f8rgen Randers see the Chinese model as worthy of imitation. This is a logical conse\u00adquence of under\u00adstanding ecological protection primarily in terms of the curtailment of production and consumption. Author\u00adi\u00adtarian regimes appear to be better placed to get their popula\u00adtions to make do with less. Democracy becomes a luxury that we can no longer afford in view of the melting icebergs; when staring down the barrel of ecological necessity, freedom is hardly a concern.<\/p>\n

If global warming gets out of control and the oceans are pushed over the tipping point, there will be upheaval on a vast scale, from economic collapse to global migration flows. Thus, the environ\u00admental crisis is also a threat to democracy. We must therefore do every\u00adthing we can to drive forward the ecological trans\u00adfor\u00admation of indus\u00adtrial society without surren\u00addering the liberal freedoms.<\/p>\n

Those wishing to reconcile freedom and ecological sustain\u00adability must look above all to innovation and foster compe\u00adtition to find the best solutions. True, even a liberal normative economic framework will not get by without setting limits and imposing bans. But these are not the silver bullet solution to the ecological crisis. Incor\u00adpo\u00adrating ecological costs into pricing is a more expedient approach. Market economies will only function if prices tell the ecological truth. Payroll taxes and social security dues can be lowered to compensate for the additional burden resulting from environ\u00admental taxes.<\/p>\n

The idea is to uncouple affluence from the consumption of natural resources.<\/h2>\n

Let there be no misun\u00adder\u00adstanding: in the absence of the individuals\u2019 respon\u00adsi\u00adbility for their own actions there can be no freedom. So, it is right and necessary to ride a bike or travel by rail and to refrain from buying goods whose production entailed the maltreatment of human beings or the suffering of animals. Each of us is free to seek the \u201cgood life\u201d in a net gain of leisure time and social inter\u00adaction rather than an increase of income and consumption. But a sober look at the scale of the ecological challenge we face makes it plain that it will not be overcome by an appeal for frugality. We are not going to win the race against climate change without a green indus\u00adtrial revolution. This requires a switch to renewable energies, an efficiency revolution in how we manage scarce resources and the transition to a modern circular economy. The idea is to uncouple the production of affluence from the consumption of natural resources. An ambitious goal, but a feasible one.<\/p>\n

Given the escalating ecological crises, three possible paths appear open to us. The first lies in the radical\u00adi\u00adsation of a movement advocating a course reversal. This path to salvation involves the voluntary or coercive repro\u00adgramming of human beings, renun\u00adci\u00adation and prohi\u00adbition. Diamet\u00adri\u00adcally opposed to this is the option of an intractable \u201cstay the course\u201d. Sloterdijk calls this a \u201ccomple\u00admentary wave of resig\u00adnation, defeatism, and a cynical \u2018devil-may-care\u2019 attitude\u201d. There is a high proba\u00adbility that this is the path we will take. The third path lies in a new synthesis between nature and technology, a co-evolution between biosphere and technical civil\u00adi\u00adsation. Given the limits to what the earth\u2019s system can tolerate, we are left with two main sources of progress: the solar energy radiating to the earth and human creativity. We must build a liberal civil\u00adi\u00adsation<\/a> based on a combi\u00adnation of these two. If we pit ecology and liberty against one another, we will lose both in the end.<\/p>\n

This essay was first published in the original German on 27 February <\/em>in the German daily <\/em>Die Welt <\/a>, under the headline \u201c<\/em>Die Logik der Restriktion scheint zwingend \u2013 und ist doch falsch<\/em>\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fly less! Eat less meat! In the struggle against climate change, there is one thing in particular we should do: moderate our lifestyles. Individual respon\u00adsi\u00adbility definitely matters. Will renun\u00adci\u00adation and...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":31885,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2814],"tags":[2987,14664,11701],"class_list":["post-38206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-essay-en","tag-current","tag-dossier-liberalism","tag-green-modernity"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCombining ecology and freedom - libmod.de - Zentrum Liberale Moderne<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Fly less! Eat less meat! 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LibMod steht f\u00fcr die Verteidigung und Erneuerung der liberalen Demokratie, f\u00fcr den Aufbruch in die \u00f6kologische Moderne und f\u00fcr eine fundierte Osteuropa-Expertise.\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/libmod.de\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1523c62558428c502f73ae2c37bd32fd\",\"name\":\"Ralf F\u00fccks\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/libmodredaktion.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/20240905145929\\\/Ralf-F%C3%BCcks_rund-150x150.png\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/libmodredaktion.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/20240905145929\\\/Ralf-F%C3%BCcks_rund-150x150.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/libmodredaktion.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/20240905145929\\\/Ralf-F%C3%BCcks_rund-150x150.png\",\"caption\":\"Ralf F\u00fccks\"},\"description\":\"Ralf F\u00fccks ist gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrender Gesellschafter des Zentrums Liberale Moderne und wirkte zuvor 21 Jahre als Vorstand der Heinrich B\u00f6ll Stiftung, der politischen Stiftung der Gr\u00fcnen. Davor war er Co-Vorsitzender der Gr\u00fcnen (1989\\\/90) und Senator f\u00fcr Umwelt und Stadtentwicklung in Bremen. Kontakt info@libmod.de T +49 30 25095870 Publikationen Ralf F\u00fccks, Freiheit verteidigen , Wie wir den Kampf um die offene Gesellschaft gewinnen, 2017 Ralf F\u00fccks, Intelligent wachsen , Die gr\u00fcne Revolution, 2013 Zum LibMod-Team\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/libmod.de\\\/en\\\/author\\\/zlm_ralf_fuecks\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Combining ecology and freedom - libmod.de - Zentrum Liberale Moderne","description":"Fly less! Eat less meat! In the struggle against climate change, there is one thing in particular we should do: moderate our lifestyles. 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Eat less meat! In the struggle against climate change, there is one thing in particular we should do: moderate our lifestyles. 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LibMod steht f\u00fcr die Verteidigung und Erneuerung der liberalen Demokratie, f\u00fcr den Aufbruch in die \u00f6kologische Moderne und f\u00fcr eine fundierte Osteuropa-Expertise."},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/#\/schema\/person\/1523c62558428c502f73ae2c37bd32fd","name":"Ralf F\u00fccks","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/libmodredaktion.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/20240905145929\/Ralf-F%C3%BCcks_rund-150x150.png","url":"https:\/\/libmodredaktion.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/20240905145929\/Ralf-F%C3%BCcks_rund-150x150.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/libmodredaktion.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/20240905145929\/Ralf-F%C3%BCcks_rund-150x150.png","caption":"Ralf F\u00fccks"},"description":"Ralf F\u00fccks ist gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrender Gesellschafter des Zentrums Liberale Moderne und wirkte zuvor 21 Jahre als Vorstand der Heinrich B\u00f6ll Stiftung, der politischen Stiftung der Gr\u00fcnen. Davor war er Co-Vorsitzender der Gr\u00fcnen (1989\/90) und Senator f\u00fcr Umwelt und Stadtentwicklung in Bremen. Kontakt info@libmod.de T +49 30 25095870 Publikationen Ralf F\u00fccks, Freiheit verteidigen , Wie wir den Kampf um die offene Gesellschaft gewinnen, 2017 Ralf F\u00fccks, Intelligent wachsen , Die gr\u00fcne Revolution, 2013 Zum LibMod-Team","url":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/author\/zlm_ralf_fuecks\/"}]}},"menu_order":311,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38206"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38574,"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38206\/revisions\/38574"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}