{"id":49412,"date":"2022-09-16T14:53:48","date_gmt":"2022-09-16T12:53:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/?p=49412"},"modified":"2022-09-16T15:15:30","modified_gmt":"2022-09-16T13:15:30","slug":"a-protracted-war-military-analysis-vorobiov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/libmod.de\/en\/a-protracted-war-military-analysis-vorobiov\/","title":{"rendered":"Military analysis: A protracted war"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Photo: David Ryder \/\u200b\u200b Imago Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=\u201d.vc_custom_1508251598805{margin-top: 30px !important;}\u201d][vc_column width=\u201c2\/3\u201d css=\u201d.vc_custom_1508252250311{padding-right: 20px !important;}\u201d][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Half a year after the start of the large-scale Russian invasion, the West should continue to support Ukraine with further arms deliv\u00aderies. An analysis of the current military situation by Mykola Vorobiov.<\/h2>\n

On August 24, 2022, Ukraine celebrated the 31st anniversary of its indepen\u00addence, exactly six months after Russia\u2019s large-scale invasion began under the guise of a \u201cspecial military operation\u201d. Analysing the first six months of this war, one can see that the Kremlin\u2019s goals have not funda\u00admen\u00adtally changed. Moscow still aims to destroy the Ukrainian state and annex most of its terri\u00adtories as part of a \u201chistoric Russia.\u201d<\/p>\n

However, serious Russian losses on the battle\u00adfield (as of September 5, these amounted to about 50,000 men killed, and the loss of 234 self-propelled guns, 200 helicopters, about 2,000 tanks and 4,300 armoured vehicles) and unprece\u00addented sanctions by the West are forcing the Kremlin to move from a blitzkrieg<\/em> to a war of attrition against Kyiv and its key allies. And such a war could go on for years.<\/p>\n

Fighting in the southeast of Ukraine<\/h3>\n

After a series of failures of the Russian army near the cities of Kyiv, Chernihiv, Sumy and Kharkiv, which the Kremlin had aimed to take over in the first weeks of the war, Moscow has concen\u00adtrated on the south-eastern regions of Ukraine. The army\u2019s tasks were limited to the \u201cprotection\u201d and \u201cliber\u00adation\u201d of the Donbas and its inhab\u00adi\u00adtants from the \u201cfascist regime\u201d in Kyiv. Moscow\u2019s military prior\u00adities currently include reaching the admin\u00adis\u00adtrative borders of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, securing a \u201cland bridge\u201d from Crimea, cutting off Ukraine from access to the Black Sea and Azov Sea to pose serious economic challenges, and defending the already occupied areas around Kherson, Mykolaiv and Zapor\u00adizhzhya, including the nuclear power plant in the city of Enerhodar that was occupied in March.<\/p>\n

Although Ukrainian forces managed to organize an effective defence (which few had expected at the beginning of the invasion), the army continues to suffer heavy losses \u2014 mainly due to the Russian superi\u00adority in terms of artillery and ammunition (between 10:1 and 20:1 according to different estimates). Never\u00adtheless, Kyiv began a massive counterof\u00adfensive in Kherson region on August 29, while the 109th Regiment of the so-called \u201cDonetsk People\u2019s Republic\u201d along with Russian paratroopers withdrew from their positions and went into defence.<\/p>\n

This was largely made possible by Western arms\u2019 deliv\u00aderies, for example multiple rocket launchers, ground-based air defence systems, so-called NASAMS from the USA, howitzers, self-propelled guns CAESAR, Slovak ZUZANA howitzers, German howitzers and Gepard self-propelled anti-aircraft guns, 30 Soviet BVP\u20111 IFVs, Polish self-propelled artillery sstems, and other deploy\u00adments from more than 20 countries. In April, the German defence company Krauss-Maffei Wegmann offered Ukraine the purchase of 100 Leopard 2A7 tanks \u2014 and now it\u2019s up to the government in Berlin to ensure that this delivery goes through.<\/p>\n

Further Ukrainian advances<\/h3>\n

Military support, including from Germany and other European countries, also helped the Ukrainian forces prepare and conduct the counterof\u00adfensive in the Kharkiv region which began on September 5. Within a week, about 40 settle\u00adments in the Kharkiv region were liberated, including the towns of Isyum, Balakliya and Kupyansk \u2013 areas which it had taken the Russian army more than three months to occupy. Moreover, because the Russian troops were caught off guard, the Ukrainian army took possession of abandoned military equipment, including modern tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, and an advanced \u201cZoopark-1M<\/em>\u201d counter-battery radar system. However, Ukrainian troops also suffered signif\u00adicant losses during their advance (the number of casualties is unknown).<\/p>\n

Although the Kremlin threatened to cut off the routes of Western military supplies, partly with direct attacks, Kyiv managed to secure these. This allows Ukraine not only to effec\u00adtively defend itself and save lives, but also to attack Russian stock\u00adpiles, military airfields and other infra\u00adstructure, including in occupied Crimea and across the Russian border in Belgorod, where Ukraine\u2019s forces have elimi\u00adnated dozens of military targets in recent months. Although Ukraine\u2019s Western partners have not yet provided Ukraine with a long-range artillery system (150\u2013300 km effective range), Kyiv appears to be using its modernized cruise missiles \u201cNeptune,\u201d \u201cGrom\u201d and \u201cTochka\u2011U\u201d effectively.<\/p>\n

At the time of the the recent Russian regional elections, Moscow failed to organize \u201drefer\u00adendums\u201d in the occupied Ukrainian terri\u00adtories due to a massive counter-offensive operation in Kharkiv oblast which was almost liberated from the Russian troops in just two weeks. It took Russians over three months and high levels of casualties to occupy these terri\u00adtories. In total Ukrainian troops liberated about 6,000 km\u00b2 of its lands due to the effective actions of its military force and the inter\u00adna\u00adtional assis\u00adtance, including the modern weapons from Germany. In his recent interview, President Zelenskyy stated that the annex\u00adation of Ukrainian terri\u00adtories will bring any peace negoti\u00ada\u00adtions to a complete halt. At the same time, he called on Ukraine\u2019s partners to implement an EU visa ban for Russian citizens and impose further restric\u00adtions. He also called on NATO to immedi\u00adately include Ukraine in the Membership Action Plan, which would provide the country with access to NATO\u2019s arsenal of weapons and other much-needed equipment.<\/p>\n

Support from the US<\/h3>\n

From Moscow\u2019s point of view, the stakes are high, because the Kremlin wants to seize as many Ukrainian terri\u00adtories as possible before holding \u201crefer\u00adendums\u201d \u2014 even if the dates have not yet been set. Unlike on Crimea, these plans could be thwarted by the Ukrainian counter-offensive. Kyiv is currently awaiting the US \u201cLend Lease Act\u201d, which is expected to take effect by October 1 and will provide Ukraine with military assis\u00adtance worth billions of dollars, including long-range missiles. This will allow Ukraine to strike more Russian military targets in the future, including in occupied terri\u00adtories and within Russia.<\/p>\n

Most likely this will prompt the Kremlin to act even more aggres\u00adsively. Just recently, President Putin increased the size of Russia\u2019s armed forces by 137,000 troops to 1.15 million. The decree will come into force on January 1, 2023. As a result, the Russian-Ukrainian war has entered the stage of a protracted conflict. Moscow is trying to undermine the Ukrainian will to resist and cause divisions among its Western allies, especially Germany, before the winter heating season.<\/p>\n

Following this strategy, Russia recently cut gas supplies through Europe\u2019s main supply route Nord Stream 1 \u2014 a move aimed at increasing the prospects of a recession in European countries, especially those actively supporting Ukraine. While Gazprom said the latest shutdown was necessary to carry out mainte\u00adnance work, the German Minister of Economic Affairs, Robert Habeck, has clarified that Nord Stream 1 was \u201cfully opera\u00adtional\u201d and that there were no technical problems. Further restric\u00adtions on European gas supplies would exacerbate the current energy crisis, which has already led to a 400 percent increase in wholesale gas prices. Already consumers and businesses are under pressure and govern\u00adments are being forced to spend billions in subsidies.<\/p>\n

Further arms deliveries<\/h3>\n

Ukraine urgently needs more weapons \u2014 in particular tanks, armoured vehicles, howitzers, air defence systems and other equipment that Germany possesses. This is the only way to reduce casualties and help Ukraine withstand the overwhelming Russian military aggression. This can serve as an addition to the supplies that the country has already provided since January.<\/p>\n

As winter approaches, Russia will continue to blackmail Europe with manip\u00adu\u00adlation of energy supplies, nuclear threats like the recent one at Europe\u2019s largest nuclear power plant in Zapor\u00adizhzhya, disin\u00adfor\u00admation, inter\u00adference in domestic political processes, cyber\u00adat\u00adtacks, and other tools. These are tactics that Moscow had already used before the begin of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine. They should not be new to European governments.<\/p>\n

Europe faces the greatest military (and possibly nuclear) threat since the worst days of the Cold War. Therefore, Western allies should be united as never before.<\/p>\n

On September 10, during his speech at the Yalta European Strategy (YES) forum in Kyiv President Zelenskyy stated that the upcoming 90 days of winter will be \u201cmore crucial\u201d and decisive for the country than 30 years of its indepen\u00addence and all years of European Union\u2019s existence. This means after the recent military failures Moscow will do every\u00adthing possible to desta\u00adbilize Ukraine and its partners through the energy supplies as a Russian \u201cfinal argument\u201d.<\/p>\n

\n

Mykola Vorobiov is a Ukrainian journalist and former fellow of the Austrian Marshall Plan Foundation at Johns Hopkins University (SAIS).<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Textende\"[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator][vc_column_text]Did you like thike this article? If yes, you can support the independent editorial work and journalism of LibMod via a simple donation tool.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]